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Robert H. Goddard
Robert Hutchings Goddard (October 5, 1882 – August 10, 1945) was an American engineer, professor, physicist, and inventor who is credited with creating and building the world's first liquid-fueled rocket,〔.〕 which he successfully launched on March 16, 1926. Goddard and his team launched 34 rockets〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Goddard )〕 between 1926 and 1941, achieving altitudes as high as and speeds as high as 885 km/h (550 mph).〔
Goddard's work as both theorist and engineer anticipated many of the developments that were to make spaceflight possible. He has been called the man who ushered in the Space Age.〔 Two of Goddard's 214 patented inventions — a multi-stage rocket (1914), and a liquid-fuel rocket (1914) — were important milestones toward spaceflight.〔.〕 His 1919 monograph ''A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes'' is considered one of the classic texts of 20th-century rocket science.〔.〕 Goddard successfully applied three-axis control, gyroscopes and steerable thrust to rockets, to effectively control their flight.
Although his work in the field was revolutionary, Goddard received very little public support for his research and development work. The press sometimes ridiculed his theories of spaceflight. As a result, he became protective of his privacy and his work. Years after his death, at the dawn of the Space Age, he came to be recognized as the founding father of modern rocketry.〔.〕 He not only recognized the potential of rockets for atmospheric research, ballistic missiles and space travel but was the first to scientifically study, design and construct the rockets needed to implement those ideas.〔.〕
==Early life and inspiration==
Goddard was born in 1882 in Worcester, Massachusetts, to Nahum Danford Goddard (1859–1928) and Fannie Louise Hoyt (1864–1920). Robert was their only child to survive; a younger son, Richard Henry, was born with a spinal deformity, and died before his first birthday.〔.〕 His family had roots in New England dating to the late 1600s, and Robert had that region's qualities of determination and mechanical ability. With a curiosity about nature, he studied the heavens using a telescope from his father and observed the birds flying. A country boy, he loved the outdoors and became an excellent marksman with a rifle.〔 On Sundays the family attended an Episcopal church, and Robert sang in the choir.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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